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International Relations for UPSC: India and the World, Explained in Simple Words
India's relations with its neighbours and the big powers: the history, the wars, the treaties and today's headlines, with infographics and the constitutional angle. Now covering Pakistan and the USA.
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🌏 International RelationsHow This International Relations Hub Works
Each post tells the complete story of one relationship: a phase-by-phase timeline, every war or crisis with dates and results, the exact text of key treaties, an In Simple Words / आसान शब्दों में box with everyday examples, the latest fact-checked status, and a UPSC corner with a practice MCQ. Where our Constitution is involved (Articles 1, 7, 51, 73, 253 and List I Entries 10 and 14) we link the Article page.
From non-alignment and the 1971 crisis to the 123 nuclear deal, four defence pacts and the Quad, then the 2025 tariff shock and the 2026 trade deal. Rubio's October visit explained.
Partition, Kashmir, the four wars (1947-48, 1965, 1971, Kargil 1999) and who won, Simla and Tashkent, the Indus Waters Treaty, terror attacks and Operation Sindoor, explained with infographics.
🌏 International RelationsInternational Relations in the News, Explained
Short explainers on this week's world news and what it means for India: trade deals, summits, elections abroad and votes at the UN. Each one gives the background, the facts, the India angle and the exam points.
: US Midterms 2026: India's Stakes. Americans vote on 3 November 2026 for all 435 House seats and 35 Senate seats. Control of Congress shapes US laws on trade, visas and sanctions that matter to India.
: CHOGM 2026: India and the Commonwealth. Commonwealth leaders meet in Antigua and Barbuda from 1 to 4 November 2026; Jaishankar leads India. How republican India stays in the Commonwealth and what it seeks there.
: India Votes to End Cuba Embargo. The UN General Assembly backed ending the US embargo on Cuba by 130-17-25 on 28 October 2026, the lowest support since 1995. India voted in favour, as it has every year.
: G20 and Quad Ministers in Atlanta. Jaishankar joined the G20 Foreign Ministers' Meeting in Atlanta on 30-31 October 2026 and a Quad foreign ministers' meeting on its sidelines, with energy, supply chains and sea lanes on the agenda.
: Israel Election 2026: Hung Knesset. Netanyahu's bloc won 53 of 120 seats in Israel's 27 October 2026 election, short of a majority; Arab parties won a record 19. What happens next and what it means for India.
: India-Mexico PTA Talks Launched. India and Mexico signed Terms of Reference to negotiate a Preferential Trade Agreement, announced on 28 October 2026, as Indian cars and other goods face Mexican tariffs of up to 50%.
: India-EFTA TEPA: Liechtenstein's Prince Alois Visit. PM Modi met Liechtenstein's Hereditary Prince Alois on 27 October. The link is the India-EFTA TEPA, in force since October 2025, with a USD 100 billion investment pledge and 1 million jobs.
: India-Canada: First Migration and Mobility Dialogue. India and Canada held their first dialogue on students, skilled workers and visitors on 26 October, the latest step in the reset after the 2023-24 rift, with a CEPA trade deal targeted for end-2026.
: India-New Zealand FTA: In Force From 20 October. The India-NZ free trade deal is now live: zero duty on all Indian goods in New Zealand, dairy kept out of India's offer, a $20 billion investment pledge and new work visas.
: India-China Face-Off in Arunachal: ITBP and MEA. ITBP chief confirms face-offs with Chinese troops at several places in Arunachal; MEA says the LAC gets disturbed when Chinese troops change patrol patterns.
: UNSC Reform: India's Case for a Permanent Seat. India's 22 October statement at the UN: expand both permanent and non-permanent seats, veto for all permanent members, and a text with a timeline for the stalled talks.
: India-Azerbaijan Relations: Jaishankar in Baku. Jaishankar's 23 October visit to Baku: talks with Aliyev and Bayramov on trade, INSTC, energy and terrorism, after the 2025 rift over Operation Sindoor.
: India-Poland Relations: Tusk's 2026 Visit. Polish PM Donald Tusk's India visit: four agreements, trade of $6.3 billion to double by 2030, defence and AI cooperation, the India-EU FTA and the Good Maharaja story.
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🌏 International RelationsComing next in International Relations
🇨🇳India-China RelationsLAC, 1962 war, Galwan, trade Coming soon
🇧🇩India-Bangladesh Relations1971, land boundary, Teesta, Ganga water Coming soon
🇳🇵India-Nepal Relations1950 treaty, open border, Kalapani map Coming soon
